A seventh chord is a 4 note chord built in thirds so that the interval between the bottom and top most note is a 7th.
The quality of a seventh chord is the quality of the triad and then the quality of the seventh.
For example: a Major-minor 7th chords consists of a Major triad with a minor 7:
Common qualities of 7th chords
There are five common types of seventh chords:
Major-major 7 (major 7)
Major-minor 7 (Dominant 7)
minor-minor 7 (minor 7)
Diminished-minor 7 (half diminished 7)
Diminished-diminished 7 (fully diminished 7)
7th chords in major and minor scales
The five qualities above are the most common qualities since they occur in major and minor scales:
7th chords in a major scale:
7th chords in a minor scale:
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